QA roles

What each role does and the range of its median total employer cost across published countries, USD.

For each role, the level published in the most countries (the same level its role page uses). Median total annual employer cost, USD at the dataset exchange rate. Each figure links to its breakdown page.
RoleWhat the role doesCountriesLevelLowest medianHighest median
Manual QA engineerDesigns and executes test cases by hand, reports and verifies defects16SeniorUSD 17,189Confidence BUSD 158,174Confidence B
Test automation engineerBuilds and maintains automated UI and API test suites in a framework such as Playwright, Cypress or Selenium6SeniorUSD 81,946Confidence BUSD 171,152Confidence B
SDETWrites test infrastructure and tooling as software, often embedded in a development team0no country published; city: Chicago
Performance test engineerDesigns load and stress tests, analyses bottlenecks with tools such as k6, JMeter or Gatling0not published
Mobile QA engineerTests iOS and Android apps by hand and with Appium or platform frameworks0not published
Security test engineerRuns application security testing and coordinates penetration tests1SeniorUSD 126,068Confidence B
QA leadOwns test strategy, planning and a team of engineers1SeniorUSD 17,713Confidence A
AI QA engineerEvaluates AI features with datasets, scorers and judges, and tests AI-assisted products0not published

The letter after each figure is its confidence grade (A, B or C, from the number and agreement of the sources); how grades work.

Sources: in the source list on this page, and next to each figure on the linked breakdown pages.

Sources

Sources of the figures in the table: salary, statutory and component sources of each record shown, and the exchange rates used for USD.

  1. ITviec. Vietnam IT Salary & Recruitment Market Report 2025-2026
    Developer survey · data 2025-11 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026 · supports base salary, manual QA engineer, junior to senior, Vietnam
  2. Indeed. Mức lương Senior tester ở Việt Nam
    Salary data site · data 2026-06-03 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026 · supports base salary, manual QA engineer, senior, Vietnam
  3. PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries. Vietnam - Individual - Other taxes
    Secondary legal summary · data 2026-09-23 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  4. Rödl & Partner. Vietnam: increase of statutory base salary
    Secondary legal summary · data 2026-08-14 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  5. EY Vietnam. Decree 293/2025/ND-CP regulating the minimum wage for employees working under labor contracts
    Secondary legal summary · data 2025-11 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  6. Vietnam Briefing (Dezan Shira & Associates). Vietnam Raises Statutory Basic Salary From July 2026: Implications for Employers
    Secondary legal summary · data 2026-05-27 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  7. Luật sư Việt Nam (journal of the Vietnam Bar Federation). Mỗi người sẽ có bao nhiêu ngày nghỉ phép năm theo quy định tại BLLĐ 2019?
    Secondary legal summary · data 2021-01-05 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 17 October 2026
  8. Tuổi Trẻ. Chi tiết số ngày nghỉ trong các dịp lễ năm 2026
    Secondary legal summary · data 2026-01-02 · accessed 17 October 2026 · verified 17 October 2026
  9. National Assembly of Vietnam (text copy hosted by Sài Gòn Giải Phóng). Nghị quyết về phát triển văn hóa Việt Nam (Resolution 28/2026/QH16 on developing Vietnamese culture)
    Statute · data 2026-04-24 · accessed 17 October 2026 · verified 17 October 2026
  10. Apple. Buy MacBook Air
    List price · data 2026-10-08 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  11. Apple. Buy MacBook Pro
    List price · data 2026-10-08 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  12. Dell. Dell laptops (business line, formerly Latitude)
    List price · data 2026-10-08 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  13. Testing tool list price (vendor not named)
    List price · data 2026-10-08 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  14. Testing tool list price (vendor not named)
    List price · data 2026-10-08 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  15. Atlassian. Jira pricing: Free, Standard, Premium, Enterprise | Atlassian
    List price · data 2026-10-08 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  16. Linear. Linear pricing
    List price · data 2026-10-08 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  17. Manatal. Recruitment fees (agency fee guide)
    Recruiter salary guide · data 2026-08-14 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  18. Apollo Technical. What is a placement fee for engineering hiring
    Recruiter salary guide · data 2026-09-23 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  19. HeroHunt.ai. True Cost to Hire an AI Engineer in 2026
    Recruiter salary guide · data 2026-09-25 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  20. State Bank of Vietnam. Ty gia trung tam (central exchange rate)
    Central bank · data 2026-10-08 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  21. Payscale. Mid-Career Quality Assurance (QA) Engineer Salary in Switzerland | PayScale
    Salary data site · data 2026-01-05 · accessed 11 October 2026 · verified 16 October 2026 · supports base salary, manual QA engineer, senior, Switzerland
  22. Glassdoor. Senior Qa: Average Salary & Pay Trends 2026 | Glassdoor
    Salary data site · data 2026-08 · accessed 11 October 2026 · verified 16 October 2026 · supports base salary, manual QA engineer, senior, Switzerland
  23. Bundesamt für Sozialversicherungen (BSV). Schweizerische Sozialversicherungen - synoptische Tabelle der anwendbaren Beitrags- und Prämiensätze, Stand 1.1.2026
    Tax or social security authority · data 2026-01-01 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  24. PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries. Switzerland - Individual - Other taxes
    Secondary legal summary · data 2026-07-01 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  25. ch.ch (Swiss Confederation, cantons and communes). Holidays and public holidays
    Tax or social security authority · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  26. European Central Bank. Euro foreign exchange reference rates
    Central bank · data 2026-10-07 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  27. Payscale. Senior Quality Assurance (QA) / Test Automation Engineer Salary in Canada in 2026 | PayScale
    Salary data site · data 2026-06-22 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026 · supports base salary, test automation engineer, senior, Canada
  28. Glassdoor. Salary: Senior Qa Automation Engineer (February, 2026)
    Salary data site · data 2026-02 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 16 October 2026 · supports base salary, test automation engineer, senior, Canada
  29. Canada Revenue Agency. CPP contribution rates, maximums and exemptions
    Tax or social security authority · data 2026 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  30. Employment and Social Development Canada. Maximum Benefit Amounts and Related Figures - Canada Pension Plan (2026)
    Tax or social security authority · data 2026-07 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  31. Government of Canada. Contributions to the Canada Pension Plan
    Tax or social security authority · data 2026 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  32. Canada Revenue Agency. EI premium rates and maximums
    Tax or social security authority · data 2026 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  33. Government of Ontario. Employer Health Tax (EHT)
    Tax or social security authority · data 2026 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  34. Revenu Quebec. Total Payroll Threshold and Health Services Fund Contribution Rate
    Tax or social security authority · data 2026 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 16 October 2026
  35. PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries. Canada - Corporate - Other taxes
    Secondary legal summary · data 2026-06 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  36. Association of Workers' Compensation Boards of Canada. Provisional Average Assessment Rates (last updated 13 December 2025)
    Secondary legal summary · data 2025-12 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  37. Government of Ontario. Your guide to the Employment Standards Act: Vacation
    Tax or social security authority · data 2026 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  38. Government of Ontario. Your guide to the Employment Standards Act: Public holidays
    Tax or social security authority · data 2026 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  39. Testing tool list price (vendor not named)
    List price · data 2026-10-08 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  40. Testing tool list price (vendor not named)
    List price · data 2026-10-08 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  41. Testing tool list price (vendor not named)
    List price · data 2026-10-08 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  42. Ethosia. טבלאות וסקרי שכר - אתוסיה
    Recruiter salary guide · data 2026-07-05 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026 · supports base salary, manual QA engineer, junior to senior, Israel and base salary, test automation engineer, junior to senior, Israel
  43. Drushim (data: Jobinfo). טבלאות שכר 2026 תוכנה - SOFTWARE
    Recruiter salary guide · data 2026-01-01 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026 · supports base salary, manual QA engineer, junior to senior, Israel and base salary, test automation engineer, junior to senior, Israel
  44. Recruiter salary guide (not named)
    Recruiter salary guide · data 2026-01-23 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026 · supports base salary, manual QA engineer, junior to senior, Israel; base salary, test automation engineer, junior to senior, Israel; base salary, SDET, junior to senior, Israel; base salary, mobile QA engineer, mid-level, Israel; and base salary, performance test engineer, mid-level, Israel
  45. National Insurance Institute of Israel (Bituach Leumi). Insurance contribution rates for salaried employees
    Tax or social security authority · data 2026-01-01 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  46. PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries. Israel - Individual - Other taxes
    Secondary legal summary · data 2026-06 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  47. Government of Israel (gov.il). SEC version A (When Employer is the PWD) - Hebrew - English - 2026
    Tax or social security authority · data 2026 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 16 October 2026
  48. OECD. Pensions at a Glance 2023: Country notes, Israel
    Secondary legal summary · data 2023-12 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  49. National Insurance Institute of Israel (Bituach Leumi). Average Wage under article 1,2 of National Insurance Law
    Tax or social security authority · data 2026-01-01 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  50. WorkMotion. Israel employment guide
    EOR country guide · data 2026 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  51. Ministry of Labor (gov.il). Provisions for Severance Pay
    Tax or social security authority · data 2026 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 16 October 2026
  52. Barnea Jaffa Lande Law Offices. Update for Employers: Increase in Israeli Convalescence Pay Rate
    Secondary legal summary · data 2026-08-24 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  53. Shibolet & Co.. Update to the Recuperation Pay Rate for 2026 in the Private Sector
    Secondary legal summary · data 2026-08-19 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  54. Protocol. Dmey Avraa (Convalescence pay in Israel) 2025
    EOR country guide · data 2025 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  55. IT Jobs Watch. Senior Penetration Tester Job Trends, Salaries & Skill Sets | IT Jobs Watch
    Job board · data 2026-10-08 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026 · supports base salary, security test engineer, senior, United Kingdom
  56. Indeed. Penetration tester salary in United Kingdom
    Salary data site · data 2026-09-29 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026 · supports base salary, security test engineer, senior, United Kingdom
  57. HM Revenue & Customs (GOV.UK). Rates and thresholds for employers 2026 to 2027
    Tax or social security authority · data 2026-04 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  58. PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries. United Kingdom - Individual - Other taxes
    Secondary legal summary · data 2026 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  59. GOV.UK. Workplace pensions: what you, your employer and the government pay
    Tax or social security authority · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  60. Department for Work and Pensions (GOV.UK). Review of the Automatic Enrolment Earnings Trigger and Qualifying Earnings Band for 2026/27
    Tax or social security authority · data 2025-12-18 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  61. GOV.UK. Holiday entitlement
    Tax or social security authority · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 17 October 2026
  62. GOV.UK. UK bank holidays
    Tax or social security authority · data 2025-11-24 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  63. Payscale. Average Software Test Lead Salary in India
    Salary data site · data 2026-06-20 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026 · supports base salary, QA lead, mid-level and senior, India
  64. AmbitionBox. Test Module Lead Salary in India
    Job board · data 2025-08-10 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 16 October 2026 · supports base salary, QA lead, senior, India
  65. Indeed. Senior test lead salary in India
    Salary data site · data 2025-09-23 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026 · supports base salary, QA lead, senior, India
  66. SoftwareTestPilot. QA Lead Salary 2026: Pay by Experience, Team Size & City
    Job board · data 2026-01 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026 · supports base salary, QA lead, senior, India
  67. KPMG in India. Tax Flash News: EPFO releases FAQs on revision of statutory wage ceiling
    Secondary legal summary · data 2026-09-26 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  68. Ministry of Labour & Employment, Government of India (PIB). Cabinet Approves Higher EPFO Wage Ceiling of Rs. 25,000, Expanding Mandatory Coverage (PIB release ID 2310973)
    Tax or social security authority · data 2026-09-16 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  69. PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries. India - Individual - Other taxes
    Secondary legal summary · data 2026-05-12 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 8 October 2026
  70. Indian Council of Medical Research (Government of India). Office Memorandum No. 16/29/2023/Admn: provisions relating to EPF contributions
    Tax or social security authority · data 2026-02 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 11 October 2026
  71. Employees' Provident Fund Organisation. Present rates of contribution by contribution accounts / administration accounts
    Tax or social security authority · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 16 October 2026
  72. Employees' State Insurance Corporation. ESIC Contribution
    Tax or social security authority · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 16 October 2026
  73. Employees' State Insurance Corporation. ESIC Coverage
    Tax or social security authority · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 16 October 2026
  74. Government of Puducherry, Labour Department. The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 and Rules, 1984
    Tax or social security authority · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 11 October 2026
  75. Taxmann. [Analysis] Gratuity under Code on Social Security 2020 - Eligibility | Calculation | Key Rules
    Secondary legal summary · data 2025-11 · accessed 8 October 2026 · verified 11 October 2026

Levels